Tuesday, July 31, 2012

PoliticsChina: HongKong schools: Govt curriculum for schools is pro-Communist Party


Ecumenical News International (July302k12)


Hong Kong churches protest 
Beijing-sponsored school curriculum

Hong Kong (ENInews)--Some 90,000 Hong Kong people took to the streets on 29 July to urge the government to withdraw a new education curriculum said to be biased in favor of China's Communist party. About 150 Christian schools said they would refuse to use the course in the new school year. Many demonstrators marched with their children for three to four hours in very hot weather carrying banners and wearing badges that read "no brainwashing." An adjunct professor of history at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Willy Wo-Lap Lam, said the textbooks to be used in the course present "very crude patriotic, nationalistic propaganda," according to the Sydney Morning Herald. The movement against the national education courses reflects distrust of the city's new, pro-Beijing chief executive, Leung Chun-ying, he told the newspaper. [296 words, ENI-12-0442]

Monday, July 30, 2012

PoliticsSyria: Civil War: Assad nails himself into his coffin in Aleppo offensive





BBC News (July 30,2k12)

Aleppo is nail in Assad's coffin, says Panetta

Free Syrian Army fighters in Aleppo. 29 July 2012The Free Syrian Army and other rebel fighters have been engaged in fierce fighting in Aleppo
US Defence Secretary Leon Panetta says Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's assault on the city of Aleppo will be "a nail in his coffin".
Mr Panetta was speaking at the start of a five-day Middle East tour.
Heavy fighting is continuing in Syria's largest city where government forces are trying to oust rebel fighters.
UN humanitarian chief Valerie Amos said 200,000 people had fled the fighting in Aleppo and that an unknown number were trapped.
She said that the city urgently needed supplies including food and water.
Mr Panetta said the Syrian crisis was deepening and that President Assad was hastening his own demise.
"If they continue this kind of tragic attack on their own people... I think it ultimately will be a nail in Assad's coffin," he told reporters.
Aleppo map
"What Assad has been doing to his own people and what he continues to do to his own people makes clear that his regime is coming to an end. It's lost all legitimacy."
He added: "It's no longer a question of whether he's coming to an end, it's when."

At the scene

A hole-in-the-wall bakery had just reopened its doors after being closed for more than a day. Most food shops in the turbulent districts are now closed.
Rebel fighters tried to marshal the crowds as hundreds of hungry and increasingly desperate residents clamoured for the thin round loaves.
Suriya had finally reached the front of the queue and the middle-aged mother thrust her hand through the railings outside the bakery, grasping for the bread. Like many poor Syrians she has a large family to feed and with no fresh fruit or vegetables available this is her only chance to get food.
"A lot of poor people are suffering from a lack of food and water," she complained. "Many are going to bed hungry."
Their suffering does not seem likely to end soon. Food, water and power shortages have made life hard for residents. The ever-present danger from bombs and bullets is making it intolerable.
Mr Panetta's tour will include talks in Tunisia, Egypt, Israel and Jordan.
He said he aimed to reinforce an international consensus that Mr Assad must step down and allow a peaceful transition to democracy.
The defence secretary said he would also continue efforts to ensure that Syria's stockpiles of chemical weapons did not fall into the wrong hands.
Baroness Amos, speaking in New York, said that the Red Cross and the Syrian Arab Red Crescent estimated that 200,000 people have fled Aleppo and surrounding areas in the past two days.
"It is not known how many people remain trapped in places where fighting continues today," she said.
"I call on all parties to the fighting to ensure that they do not target civilians and that they allow humanitarian organisations safe access."
UK-based activist group the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights described the situation in Aleppo as "a full-scale street war".
The BBC's Ian Pannell, who was in Aleppo on Saturday, said government troops were trying to push into rebel-held neighbourhoods and there was fierce fighting.
Civilians are facing power cuts and food shortages, he says.
Late on Sunday, Syrian troops said they had recaptured the south-west district of Salah al-Din from the rebels.
"Complete control of Salah al-Din has been (won back) from those mercenary gunmen," a military officer told Syrian state TV.
"In a few days safety and security will return to the city of Aleppo."
Despite the army's statement, activists said fighting was continuing in Salah al-Din on Sunday night.
Aleppo activist Abo Aref al-Halabi told the BBC's Newsday programme on Monday that it had been a "terrible night" in the city.
"Nobody can sleep. Everywhere you can hear [the sound of] bombs," he said.
"The Assad armies are using mortars, they are using tanks, bombs, they are using helicopters, missiles coming from helicopters, to the Salah al-Din area."
He said some buildings were on fire and others had collapsed.
Battle-hardened
Our correspondent says that although the rebels are outgunned, they are fighting an effective guerrilla war in the streets of the city.
Many are more battle-hardened than their adversaries and they are making their own improvised explosive devices, he adds.
Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Moualem, on a visit to Iran, said that the government was winning its war against the rebels.
"Today I tell you, Syria is stronger," he said.
"In less than a week they were defeated (in Damascus) and the battle failed. So they moved on to Aleppo and I assure you, their plots will fail."

Sunday, July 29, 2012

Technics: business-political conflict: Was Enbridge responsible monetarily for the spill? Compensation? How much? Don't wound the company too much monetarily, it needs to be functioning healthily during the process of repairing results of the spill, lots of work ...


After Wisconsin Oil Spill, Enbridge Plans Pipeline Repairs

JuridicsEthiopia: Repression of: Tribal minorities, religious minorities, political opponents, journos, free newspaper

Taking a juridics approach, this article actually also provides a survey of the difficulties facing the ent+rty of Ethopian society and daily life.

Lawt, refWrite Frontpage juridics columnist

ConstitutionMaking.org (July26,2k12)

The Ethiopian Constitution: 
More Honored in the Breach than the Observance


by Gedion.T Hessebon SJD Candidate, Central European University, Budapest

[Editors Note: This is the second in a series of blog posts from the African Network of Constitutional Lawyers]

More than halfway through the second decade since its adoption, it has become clear that the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Ethiopia is more honored in the breach than the observance. The numerous violations of constitutional rules in the past eighteen years can hardly be documented in one blog post. In this post, I would like to highlight the most egregious and recent violations of the Constitution with regard to freedom of religion and freedom of expression. 

Orthodox Christianity and Islam are the two biggest religions in Ethiopia. Despite the constitutional rule embracing secularism and stipulating that “The state shall not interfere in religious matters” (FDRE Constitution Article 11(3)), it has always been common knowledge that the state had not strictly adhered to this rule. The most blatant and recent interference came when the Ministry of Federal Affairs allegedly organized trainings for Ethiopian Muslim clerics with a view to promote the teachings of an Islamic group of believers called Al Habash. It appeared that the pacifist bent of the teachings of Al Habash (an Islamic ‘sect’/ ‘movement’ founded by an Ethiopian Muslim scholar in Lebanon) appealed to the Ethiopian government which was concerned with the emergence of extremist and violent Islamic groups in some parts of the country. The state’s support and promotion of the Al-Habash, which hitherto did not have a significant following in Ethiopia, angered many Muslims. 

Triggered by the sacking of some teachers from an Islamic school in Addis Ababa by the Ethiopian Islamic Affairs Supreme Council (which many Muslims consider to be controlled by the government), for the last few months there has been a series of protests held in mosques demanding the establishment of a genuinely representative Islamic Affairs Supreme Council and the cessation of government interference in religious matters. In the past week, the government had started cracking down on these protests by arresting the organizers and violently breaking up the assemblies in the mosques. The government denounces the organizers as terrorists and an unrepresentative minority bent on destabilizing the country.

 
With regard to freedom of expression, Ethiopia’s unflattering record is well documented by a number of international human rights organizations. The arrest and prosecution of journalists and opposition politicians for opinions that are critical of the government has become routine. 

This July for example, nineteen journalists and opposition politicians have been charged and convicted - based on the Anti-terrorism Proclamation, - mostly for statements they have made and opinions they have expressed. Furthermore, in the past week, a prosecutor ordered the impounding of copies of the only private news paper left in Ethiopia that is critical of the government just before its distribution. This is the first time that the provisions of the statute (Freedom of the Mass Media and Access to Information Proclamation No. 590/2008, Article 42) that allows such impounding by the prosecutor have been invoked. Before the order to impound was issued, the printer, which is a state owned enterprise, had asked the publishers to take out two stories from the news paper. 

The constant violation of fundamental constitutional rights in Ethiopia can only be understood if seen in the context of an ethnically divided political environment in which the ruling elites see repression as indispensable to remain in power. The TPLF (Tigrayan People's Liberation Front) forms the core of the ruling EPRDF (Ethiopian Peoples’ Revolutionary Front), which is a coalition of four ethno-regional parties. The EPRDF owes its accession to power mainly to the military triumph of the TPLF over the former military regime. As a result, the TPLF, which claims to represent the Tgire ethnic group (constituting about 6% of the total Ethiopian population), has become the dominant member of the EPRDF. The dominance of the TPLF is resented by the elites of other ethnic groups such as the Oromo, and the Amhara. The Oromo and Amhara respectively constitute around 34 and 26 percent of the total population. Although the EPRDF has its own Oromo and Amhara wings which are members of the ruling coalition, these organizations are widely perceived as subservient to the TPLF. This perception has nurtured a strong opposition to EPRDF rule in different parts of the country. 

All in all, the TPLF has a very narrow support base and its attempt to extend its support base among non-Tigre Ethiopians through its Oromo and Amhara coalition partners has not been too successful. Therefore, to stay in power and maintain the economic and political privileges the leaders of the TPLF have accumulated in the past twenty years, repression has become indispensable. Particularly, since the relatively free 2005 General Election has shown how vulnerable EPRDF is in an open political system, the government had started a systematic program of stifling dissent and organized activity that could potentially be used as a launching pad of political opposition.

It is as part of this effort that various pieces of repressive legislation have been adopted in Ethiopia in the past few years. These include the ‘Anti-Terrorism Proclamation No 652/2009’, the ‘Freedom of the Mass Media and Access to Information Proclamation No. 590/2008’ and the Charities and Societies Proclamation (proc. no.621/2009). These laws have been used to tighten the noose on any form of dissent and organized activity that is not controlled by the ruling party. 

The exaggerated claims of rising extremism and threats of Islamic fundamentalism appear to be pretexts for the government to keep interfering with the Ethiopian Islamic Affairs Supreme Council. The ruling elites fear that any religious or civic organization which has a wide following and which is independent is a potential threat to their rule since it could be used to mobilize opposition to the regime. The imperative of staying in power compels the regime to routinely disregard freedom of expression, religion, association and assembly. The narrow ethnic power base of the ruling party makes suppression indispensable and constitutional democracy a practically unacceptable proposition. Faced with the option of respecting constitutional freedoms and thereby risking their hold on power on the one hand and on the other hand violating these rights to prolong their stay in power, the leaders of the TPLF have clearly opted for the later. Underlying their choice is not only the fear that they will loose the privileges they enjoy now but also the fear that once out of power, the Tigre will be marginalized and become victims of reprisal. 

--Gedion.T Hessebon SJD Candidate, Central European University, Budapest and Assistant Lecturer, Addis Ababa University (on leave)ConstitutionMaking.org

Saturday, July 28, 2012

HealthUSA: Obamacare kicks in: August 1st is the date when totalitarian provisions of healthcare law hit dissenters


IRFA newsletter Outlook (July28,2k12)
Institutional Religious Freedom Association free email newsletter


The Clock Starts Ticking on August 1

The Supreme Court has upheld the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act, so there will be no delay in the August 1 start date for the contraceptives mandate.   

The contraceptives mandate is the requirement that health insurance plans must cover "all FDA-approved contraceptive methods, sterilization procedures, and patient education and counseling for all women with reproductive capacity."  The FDA-approved drugs include the emergency contraceptives Plan B and ella--both regarded by some to be abortifacients.  The President has promised an "accommodation" for non-exempt religious organizations.  So far, this remains only a promise;  the administration has asked for ideas, but has not proposed an actual regulation.  A new regulation may be a year away and the accommodation may not be acceptable to many organizations.   

What does that August 1 start date mean? 

Start time:  The mandate clock starts on August 1, but the mandate applies to plan years that start on that date or later, so the requirement will not kick in for weeks or months for many organizations.

Exception:  A health plan that did not include contraceptives coverage and has maintained its grandfathered status is not subject to the mandate until it loses its grandfathered status.

Exemption:  Organizations--churches (or most churches)--that fit a narrow definition of "religious employer" are exempt from the mandate.

Temporary relief:  Plans that for religious reasons did not include contraceptive coverage as of February 10, 2012, are eligible for a year-long "temporary enforcement safe harbor." 

Who is affected and when: 

* For non-church faith-based organizations whose insurance plans on February 10th of this year did include contraceptives, for whatever reason, the mandate comes into effect as soon as their new plan year begins on or after August 1st.
  
* For all other faith-based organizations (except for exempt churches) the clock is ticking although the deadline hasn't arrived yet.  Grandfathered plans will lose that status as soon as some significant change has to be made to the insurance.  For others, the temporary enforcement safe harbor ends in a year. 

What can you do?

(a) consider dropping health insurance (but this may subject you to a penalty);

(b) try to buy insurance that does not include the contraceptive coverage (but insurers cannot legally sell it to you);

(c) work with a health insurance expert and try to construct a self-insurance plan that does not include contraceptives coverage (but you may be sued for having a non-conforming plan). 

Other actions:  join or launch a lawsuit; ask Congress for a solution; write the HHS Secretary, asking the Administration to change its policy.  

This note does not constitute legal advice.  Consult a qualified attorney. 

Friday, July 27, 2012

EconomicsChina: Observer: China is decreasing trade, while re-balancing by increased domestic demand

David L. Bahnsen, an investor advisor, is watching China's internal economic balance.  I got this from The Bahnsen Group Weekly Commentary (July27,2k12).  It's a free email newsletter from David.

Economix, refWrite Frontpage economics, business, & labour

David has an item focussing on China's economy and some structural shifts there:


What are you noticing in your analysis of China this month?

The slowdown in growth has been about what I expect so far, and I continue to believe that the outcome of this slowdown is one of the biggest things to pay attention to in the current macro environment.  But one thing I do find interesting is that the recent 7.6% GDP number China posted (a slowdown, for sure, but not worse than I expected thus far) reflected a 0.6% reduction for external trade slowdown.  That means that domestic demand actually grew over 8%.  China's ability to re-balance their economy into one less export-dependent is the $5 trillion question over there.  I am going to follow these developments religiously.

Thursday, July 26, 2012

PoliticsGulfStates: Muslim Brotherhood: Targets wealthy independent countries in Arab Gulf

A deadly new peril has emerged to view in the Arab States of the Persian Gulf.

— Politicarp, refWrite Frontpage politics columnist

"Arab states of the Persian Gulf" or "Gulf states" or "Persian Gulf Arab states" or"Arabic Gulf States" are terms that refer to the six Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf : Saudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesQatarKuwaitBahrain, and Oman. These six nations are part of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Although Iraq is considered an Arab state and shares a small border with the Persian Gulf, it is generally excluded from the designation." —Wikipedia




















Jerusalem Post (July26,2k12)

'Muslim Brothers plotting overthrow of Gulf states'









By REUTERS
07/26/2012 13:03

Dubai police chief warns of "international plot" against Gulf states, says Iran, Syria and MB must know Gulf is a red line.

Dubai police chief Dahi Khalfan 370
PHOTO: REUTERS
DUBAI - Dubai's chief of police has warned of an "international plot" to overthrow the governments of Gulf Arab countries, saying the region needs to be prepared to counter any threat from Islamist dissidents as well as Syria and Iran.

The comments by Dahi Khalfan, one of the most outspoken security officials in the United Arab Emirates, follow the detention in the UAE since April of at least 20 dissidents, according to relatives of the detainees and activists.

"There's an international plot against Gulf states in particular and Arab countries in general...This is preplanned to take over our fortunes," Khalfan told reporters at a gathering late on Wednesday marking the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.

"The bigger our sovereign wealth funds and the more money we put in the banks of Western countries, the bigger the plot to take over our countries...The brothers and their governments in Damascus and North Africa have to know that the Gulf is a red line, not only for Iran but also for the Brothers as well."

Most of the detainees since April are Islamists, targeted by an official clampdown amid concern they may be emboldened by the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood in other Arab countries such as Egypt.

UAE Interior Ministry officials have not been available to comment on the arrests. Last week, UAE officials announced that authorities were investigating a foreign-linked group planning "crimes against the security of the state".

"I had no idea that there is this large number of Muslim Brotherhood in the Gulf states. We have to be alert and on guard because the wider these groups become, the higher probability there is for trouble," Khalfan said on Wednesday.

"We are aware that there are groups plotting to overthrow Gulf governments in the long term."

EconomicsUSA: Low-end consumers: Labyrinth of extending credit




Shay Riley's Booker Rising blog (July25,2k12)


Armstrong Williams Op-Ed

The Dynamics Of Market Credit 

For Low-End Consumers

The conservative Republican commentator 
writes: "The issue of making consumer
loans to people on the wrong side of the
credit divide raises other issues that make
lending to this group very expensive. First,
default rates among the poor are much
higher than among the rich. Therefore,
everything else being equal, loans to the
poor will reflect premium pricing to cover
the higher default risks. Second, because
these are riskier loans, the banks will be
forced to have higher capital requirements
to support these loans. This leads to higher
capital costs. Third, because these loans are
smaller than similar loans to the wealthy, the expense of issuing and servicing the loans
must be amortized over a smaller loan principal. This also makes a loan relatively more
expensive to the poor. Fourth, loans to consumers tend to be subject to much more
government consumer and banking regulations than loans to businesses. This too adds
to the costs of these low income consumer loans."

He continues his commentary: "Given the high cost of low end consumer lending, it is
no surprise that high cost payday loan companies and pawn shops have arisen to serve
these low end markets. It also should not be a surprise that the large commercial banks
shun these markets."

More commentary from Mr. Williams, about poorer consumers and credit: "Given the
dynamics of the market for credit, there is very little the Fed can do to make additional
credit and lower rates available to the lower end of the market. If the Fed wants to go
around the market and introduce rationing, it can force commercial banks to make loans
available to the low end of the market that they do not normally serve. However
rationing would have unintended consequences like high losses on low end consumer
loans for commercial banks which will impair their capital and thereby reduce their
ability to lend additional capital to other segments of the market."

Wednesday, July 25, 2012

ReliefLaos: CRWRC: Working for renewal in Laos

It was on refWrite refBlogger Insert, that I reported on Cambodia's suppression of independent radio by closing one of the few and vigorous sources of news there, often critical of the government.  Now, we see a very different approach of government in the region: the  Laotian government's — here we can report that Laos is allowing a holistic and transformative Western agency to function in the country, even contracting with Christian Reformed World Relief to help "on the ground" with remote villagers.  It's a story of positive change and hope in South East Asia.

Owlb, refWrite Frontpage editor

Christian Reformed news report (July25,2k12)

Working for Renewal in Laos


CRWRC News | 50th Stories | July 23, 2012

In the upland area of Laos, ethnic minority groups earn their living through subsistence farming. The poverty rate is 43%
When CRWRC began working in Laotian communities, many villagers identified education as one of their top priorities. CRWRC helped them build schools, obtain school supplies, and hire teachers



Other villages identified a need to have better access to the main road. Community members worked together to build footpaths and roads for motorcycle access. This greatly reduced the amount of time it takes for them to reach markets, health clinics, and other services.

An improved road



Through a variety of community initiatives including agriculture training, livestock rearing, improved health and sanitation, new schools, improved roads, and gender training, children now have hope for a better future.
Walking up a mountainside in the early morning mist in Laos, you may be greeted with a friendly Hmong phrase “Nyo ko tue,” which means “where are you going?”
It is a question that the government of the People’s Democratic Republic of Laos is also asking itself. The country is currently one of the world’s least developed countries. While the Lao government is determined to see this change by 2020, it is a difficult challenge. About three quarters of the population live in rural areas and practice subsistence farming. In the upland areas, where ethnic minority groups like the Hmong make their homes, the poverty rate is as high as 43%.It is in these areas where the Christian Reformed World Relief Committee (CRWRC) is at work. In 2003, CRWRC signed a five year agreement with the government of Laos to carry out community transformation in 12 remote villages. It added an additional 8 villages in 2005 and in 2008 signed a second five-year agreement to work in an additional 10 villages.
Despite these increases, CRWRC’s mission remains the same – to not just provide quick fixes to poverty, but to work alongside the local people and bring about a process of renewal in all areas of their life including food production, education, health, and community infrastructure as well as interpersonal relationships, gender dynamics, civic education, and spiritual transformation.
When CRWRC staff met with representatives from the first 12 villages back in 2003, they noted a number of issues that needed to be addressed.
Read more ... click the t+mstamp below ...

EconomicsGlobal: USA context: Investment program emphasizes an idea I learned from Dr Bob Goudzwaard decades ago

An investment newsletter (Money Morning) in conjuction with Money Map Press wants to sell softbound books detailing the thesis of this excellently-videod "talking heads" video. John Daly is the host.  I can't endorse it (I don't know enuff to do that); but its analysis does confirm what reformational economist Dr Bob Goudzwaard's research maintained from his dissertation (Unpriced Scarcity in Dutch with an English Summary) to now, many of his books later.  Goudzwaard's theory of Exponential Growth is now statistically well-founded, as presented in this video document.  The video is long — it deals with energy, environment, and economics, especially our economic future.  Water: the slow devolution of aquifer stablity, as deep aquifers supply water to many cities in USA and worldw+d.  Coming water scarcity (back to Goudzwaard) is a prime example of sustainability.  But the problem applies in the economic realm as well: money.  From this empirically-rich analysis, the video seques into its commercial purpose which is to sell me and you on the economic advisories for my and your personal financial strategies.  They don't end with total despair for the soon-coming t+m when the vast Pyramid Scheme "comes crashing down."  Chris Martenson (author of The Crash Course which you are invited to download for free), Dr. Ken Moors (economics advisor to 16 governments around the world; author), Keith Fritzgerald ( author, monthly The Money Map Report).

Here's the text that comes up after you've signalled interest:

Read more ... click the t+ml+n below ....

Tuesday, July 24, 2012

PoliticsCuba: Obituary: Oswaldo Paya, union leader and leader pf Cuba's Christian Liberation Movement




Famed Cuban dissident Oswaldo Paya 

dead in car crash


Cuban dissident Oswaldo Paya talks to Reuters during an interview in Havana September 8, 2010. REUTERS/Enrique De La Osa
HAVANA | Sun Jul 22, 2012 10:53pm EDT
(Reuters) - One of Cuba's best-known dissidents, Oswaldo Paya, leader of the Christian Liberation Movement, died on Sunday in a car crash, government and opposition sources said.
Paya, 60, was traveling in eastern Granma province at the time of the accident, the details of which are not known, the sources said.
According to dissident blogger Yoani Sanchez, who broke the news on Twitter, Paya's death was confirmed by the bishop of Granma, Carlos Amador.
Paya's family was not immediately available for comment.
Another dissident died in the crash, and a Spaniard and Swede were injured, after the car left the road and hit a tree, government officials told Reuters.
In 2002, Paya spearheaded a petition campaign calling for a referendum on one-party rule and submitted more than 30,000 signatures.
The petition drive was rejected by the government, but Paya emerged as the leading advocate of peaceful democratic change in Communist-run Cuba.
Paya received the European Union's top human rights award in 2002, the Sakharov Prize, named after the late Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov.
He was nominated twice for the Nobel Peace Prize by former Czech President Vaclav Havel.
A devout Catholic who was sent to a labor camp in the 1960s for his religious beliefs, Paya overcame intimidation and harassment to build Cuba's first nationwide opposition initiative.
"This is tragic for the family and the human rights and pro-democracy movement in Cuba," said Elizardo Sanchez, head of the illegal but tolerated Cuban Commission for Human Rights.
"Paya was considered the most notable political leader of the Cuban opposition," he said.
The petition campaign for "moderate reforms to Cuba's one-party state" was named the 'Varela Project' by Paya, after Felix Varela, an early 19th century Cuban priest who was one of the island's human rights leaders in the struggle for independence from Spain. The petition was rejected by President Fidel Castro's government as a U.S. plot to undermine his four-decade rule.
About 40 of Paya's grassroots activists, including his closest aides, were among 75 Castro critics arrested in a March 2003 crackdown on dissents and given jail sentences of up to 28 years.
They were released in 2011.
Paya, a soft-spoken, unassuming medical equipment engineer, continued to call for a national dialogue between Cubans, including members of the ruling Communist Party, to discuss a nonviolent transition to democracy.
He also had a strong following among Cuban exiles in the United States and elsewhere. In 2003, he visited the United States, where he was received by Secretary of State Colin Powell, before spending several days in Miami meeting with Cuban exiles.
"Through his leadership, Oswaldo inspired countless democracy advocates who have embraced and carried forth his vision of nonviolent political change," the Cuba Study Group, a leading Cuban-American exile organization, said in a statement.
(Additional reporting by Nelson Acosta; Editing by David Adams and Stacey Joyce)